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INTRODUCTION Chapter 1-Preparing

The unit price analysis needs a large database, both material inputs such as labor and machinery, it requires us to have flexible systems such information time to go Matrices prepared each price. By having usability of computer systems, the work we were doing more agile and precise, for now just a change in such databases, that all information contained in a Price System, automatically display updated.

One of the most common is called Excel, associated with Microsoft's Windows program, this Workbook is a powerful tool to manage databases and mathematical operations at high speed, your chances are very big and I think that there is hardly someone who is in a position to extract one hundred percent of the benefits of Excel. We will only use a fraction of the possibilities of the program, but will be more than sufficient for our purposes: developing a system of unit prices for construction, I should clarify, in order not to raise false hopes, that this system is not intended to substitute for prestigious program on the market, but become a useful tool for students or professionals who do not have money to take one of these programs.

Our system is built on several levels:

1 .- Data Base Materials, Manpower and Machinery. At this level we can manage the Value Added Tax (VAT), as we are required, with a single click in the Materials Database, you can get a catalog of Manpower. At this level, we have the table's overhead Manpower, which affect the wages paid to workers, and finally we will also have the database for the machinery.

2 .- In the second level arrays and cards we have where we will make every price analysis, using the information contained in databases.

3 .- The third level is represented by the catalog of all our prices.

4 .- The fourth and final level is where we will make our budget.

Let's start developing our Material Data Base: As discussed in Chapter 1, we will be listing the materials needed for the development of our matrices, considering how essential to build a dwelling. If we start building the foundation, we also started our database of stone materials such as sand, gravel, volcanic rock, tepetate, etc.

Then give way to cementing, in all cases will be left wide ranges to group materials by "families", so it will be easier to find the time of use.
Once the cementitious section, we list the partitions, blocks, bricks, etc., Then come the steel, timber for shoring, installation materials, finishes, bathroom fixtures, etc. The list is long, but the best is going to increase this as we occupy the more elements.

The following database is due for Labor, this is very small, because the specialists involved in the construction of a dwelling are very few, it is possible to step up when we had some action in works otherwise, such as buildings, housing estates, etc. For now, suffice it to the Pawn, Helper, Bricklayer, Plasterer, Painter, Electrician and Plumber.

In the field of Manpower, you can work with individuals or crews, but for this system would make us a little more complicated, because, in addition to the conventional list, we have to define the crews to use in our analysis.

Manpower is unique in that in addition to the amounts paid to each worker physically, consideration should be used to pay a percentage of the overhead represented by the employers contribution to IMSS, SAR, INFONAVIT, etc. This will see in Chapter 2.

The third database corresponding to the machine, as in the previous one, this is very short, as few machines are used in the construction of a house, will usually be the Concrete Mixer, Vibrator, etc. Once defined

our three databases, and we can begin to develop our Matrix. The "Lash of our book that will increase, because there are several steps to follow: Primary, where we will analyze the hourly costs of the machinery that we occupy.

The next "tab" will be aimed at Trial, we will analyze where the mortars, concrete, and in order. A series of matrices that we will need when we look at certain prices, for example, if we analyze the m2 of brick, we need to record the amount of mortar per m2 deal for the price of mortar, we take Matrix production per m3 of mortar, which in turn will occupy for the Cost Hours Mixer.

Finally, we will open tabs for the different items that make a constructive process: Earthworks, masonry, finishes, facilities, etc. When a client requests a price per Unit of Work Completed, such as concrete castle ml of 15 x 15 cm, reinforced with 4 bars of 3 / 8 "and ¼ stirrups @ 20 cm, we need to open a "tab" Integrated will call, where we will be working with Basic Unit Prices, integrating them into a new array to comply with the requirement of our budget.

the end of this process we arrive at our catalog, for which it will name a tab with the title, this is the database that deal to make our budgets. However, to use all this information quickly and safely, take care resources that Excel provides, so that using the "names" of concepts, we can "bring" our values \u200b\u200bor descriptions budget required.

hope to be clear in our explanations, on the basis that those who gain access to this short guide Using Excel, and have the minimum necessary preparation to use Spreadsheet. Demos

happened since the first chapter, where we will see how to prepare our book. We reiterate our best to answer any question that they could be present, please let me know: sergioamayas@gmail.com

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Paper-MATERIALS

When you open the Excel program for Windows (Microsoft), we are looking at a sheet clean calculation, that at the bottom shows several "tabs": Sheet 1, Sheet 2, etc.

Right of "Mouse", we click on the tab 1, you'll see a menu and move the cursor to the legend "renaming" or "rename" put the cursor over the tab and you will name "MATERIALS"

let us go to the Main Menu, Group "File" or "File", move the cursor to the " Save as "or" Save as "and in the window that opens, put the name that will identify our" Book "can be" Unit Prices "or" PU-xx-"the name that best identifies our database . We enter and we have kept our book. This will be our first DATABASE, we'll give it high all the materials

require a work

For clarity, it is desirable to bring together the materials for "families", assigning a name to each matrerial, which can be numerals "0025" alphanumeric "M-001), or alphabetical "arena", "cementogris", etc. Personally, I recommend the simple alphanumeric system "M-0001", where the letter "M" names of materials and the number identifies the product. I have used several systems and the simplest is this. When assigning numbers, let broad ranges between each family, as is normal that we should use new materials and can be grouped into the family concerned.

Let's start to register our products: We have the column "A" to set the key or product name, the column "B" for the description, Column "C" for the unit we will use the product: M2, M3, Ton, Kg, etc., in Column "D" is for the purchase price. Here it is worth to take a break, because the cost can be very useful, at some point, including VAT, in another budget maybe we should break it down. In order to do a quick and safe removal of tax on our cost, or we can change the value of same as the area of \u200b\u200bthe country in which we will build, take a box outside the lines in our database. Consider that the sheet will, as the heading, our personal or company data, perhaps a logo, so that the first five or six lines are out of the data, therefore, we take the boxes "F5" or " G5 "for our breakdown of VAT.

Let's see in the "F5" will the legend "VAT value" and "G5", the value of such tax 1.15 or 1.10, depending on the region in which estimation. Now, let to our database and let us register a product, in this case, Cement Grey: Key M-0080; Description: Cement Grey; Unit: Ton, Cost: $ 1,722.60 * $ G $ 5, if in Box G5 we have 1.10 for the Value Added Tax, our result is $ 1,894.86, but do require the price without VAT, G5 will value of "1" and our prices listed as $ 1,722.60, in this way, with one change, modify entire catalog Prices . Similarly, if we only ask Manpower in'll G5 "0" and all materials appear worthless. It is desirable to be shaping our database, as explained above, leave a wide margin between "Families of materials," because quite often we will be specified to include new products to our database, although we have increased the use of numerals or literal, P. eg. In the event that we had no space between M-0079 and M-0089 and we asked an analysis with a special cement, maybe we could call MX-0080, or M-0080X, finally, the possibilities are many, the important thing is to be logical to find them easily. We must always take care of our database, simple and clear. PROBABLE

Group for "FAMILIA" MATERIAL

a) Aggregate stone. Arena gravel, stone, tepetate, volcanic rock, etc..
b) cement powder. cement gray cement, white, calhidra, plaster, etc.
c) Materials for walls. partitions, brick, block, concrete block, blocks, etc.
d) steel and armor. rods, wire, wire, armor, mesh, nails, etc.
e) Concrete and cellular accessories. panels, partitions, cements, mortars, tools, etc.
f) Timber. Plywood, cimbraplay, poles, bars, staves, etc.
g) Sheetrock, Durock and accessories. Table plaster, cement board, tape patching, pastas wood putty, metal profiles, accessories, etc.
h) Pasta decorative. quartz pastes, pastas acrylic, cement pastes, etc.
i) Floors and trimmings. mosaic, terrazzo, marble, glazed floors, tile, vinyl tile, etc.
j) Carpentry. doors, casing, hinges, plates, etc.
k) fixture. water tanks, heaters, toilets, sinks, laundries, etc.

The list will grow as much as the needs of your work, you can claim facilities families Galvanized Iron, Copper, PVC, carbon steel, cast iron, etc., Separating the lines of Water, Sanitary, Gas, Industrial, etc. The list seems endless and will be as large as required, so you should plan to calm the naming system to be used.

An important point, the spreadsheet has a lot of rows, but if you want a preview, you show up to line 54, but if you want displayed on each page display your logo, you must do the following:

Move the cursor to the main menu "File" and select "Page Setup"

By choosing the option "Configure .." will open a dialog window where you will choose the tab for "road" place the cursor and click in the window called "Rows to repeat at top" and select the items to where they are key, concept, etc. Go then to the bottom of the box and click "OK" and ready, and you can view all pages of this sheet with your headers done, so, if you must print, each page will come with its own header.

We already have our database list of materials, remember that will grow as you will require analysis of different materials prices. It is important to remember that when we use the database, it falls between "rank" that is, if the range is between A8 and E560 ", which is outside this range can not take you where you need it, this observation is because as you are to gain items, the range will be expanded, but you'll have to take into account to make the necessary changes, perhaps at this point not to assimilate, but Remind because the deal later.

Let us go to the next chapter, the Database of Labor.

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Chapter 2 Preparing the Book-LABOR-

PREPARING THE BOOK HAND

SITE

We now turn to the second "tab" of our book, where it says "Blade 2" and repeat the procedure to rename; to this sheet we will call "LABOR." Following the same criteria as for materials, utilizarmos naming system that we deem most appropriate. This sheet

not have many lines, but they grow.

Now we can start our database, as in the previous section, we recommend putting your name in the header or logo, follow the procedure performed on the sheet of material.

As in the sheet material using a box outside the database to put the value of VAT in the case of the labor force to move into the F5 box the value of "1", which multiplied to each of the wages paid directly to the worker, as shown in the "F". In the column "E" will the result of wages paid multiplied by the percentage increase in indirect costs, according to the table below:

As you can see, the cost on Hand work we have put in the bottom of the database, first porque está ligada totalmente a este costo y segundo porque tenemos suficiente espacio en la misma hoja, de esta manera nos es mas sencillo ver que nuestros cambios sean correctos.

Desde luego que los valores son enunciativos, no limitativos, pues habrá lugares en el País en que algunos rubros sean obligatorios y en otros no, o que se manejen diferentes valores; en el caso del IMSS, la diferencia podría estar en el riesgo de trabajo que le determinen al Patrón, pues el riesgo sube cada vez que hay un accidente. Los Impuestos Federales como el Infonavit y el SAR, no cambian, pero los Estatales pueden presentar variaciones. En la succión pintada de gris, tenemos la manera de determinar los “Dìas pagados NO Trabajados”, including the Seventh: The sum of days divided by 365

Let's see the following pictures how operations are performed:

The next move will multiply the result of weekly salary 7 days, multiplied by the additional cost of Labor, the next slide explains:

With these data we will consider with regard to Labor and overhead, as we will have begun with the workers required to build a house, the need for other specialists should be follow the same method.

Now to the third database, the corresponding equipment.

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Chapter 3-Preparing the book-MACHINERY

All matters relating to equipment has special significance because it represents, in the event that the Company is the owner of the equipment, strong investment, which must be retrieved at the time agreed, through the Estimates are made for their use, these estimates should be supported by the analysis of unit prices, which will be our part to demonstrate that the values \u200b\u200bthat we intend to charge, are properly supported.

In another sense, if we feel the need to rent the machines we will use, we must be sure what the real cost of the machine hours in question, so that our budget has real values.

Often the construction equipment is listed in U.S. dollars, therefore we must be aware of the price of our currency, if it is slipping fast, to be envisaged which could be their replacement cost in order to take relevant measures when considering the price.

In this short course as we have reiterated, we are looking at prices that are needed to build a house, so we might need to rent a machine, which could be: Mixer, concrete vibrator and not very common case, a backhoe bucket.

now proceed to carry our database, remember that in case of opting for the alphanumeric system, we will use the letter "Q" to denote the elements of this base. As in the Database of Manpower, this will not have many ideas, but may be growing as our needs to be increased.

In this image we can realize that there is a difference, as mentioned above, occasionally these machines are quoted in U.S. dollars, so in "F5" we noted the exchange rate and "E5" the value of the Value Added Tax, which in the case of Ciudad Juárez, is 10%, here are the operations follows:

Place the cursor in the "E11" and put the "=", indicating that we will do an arithmetic operation, you type the "*" multiply by noting that the value we have set to "F11" , then move the cursor to "F5" (exchange rate) and re-enter the "*" and move the cursor to "E5" (the VAT) and we "enter"

x F5 = 2828.00 (10.50) x E5 (1.10) = 32663.40

This is the value to be set to "E11"

When machinery we have been quoted in U.S. Dollars only get in the box the price before VAT and multiply by what is noted in "E5"

= 750000 * $ E $ 5 = 825,000.00

is important to always do the operations by formulas, because this way it is easier update. Even more efficient you can do if you put in an additional column prices before VAT, because if you would type only price changes new price will automatically update your catalog. We have lists

our three databases, we can now begin to develop our Matrix of Cost Analysis, begin with the section "Primary"

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MAKING PRICES.

Once the burden of our databases, we will begin to review our prices on the way we've designed, it is important to have all the necessary elements to work:

As

note, this is the matrix of an hourly rate of a mixer, a sack. It is recommended that you have already made a list of the concepts we use in the construction of this hypothetical household, thus we will have appointed each concept with a number that identifies you forever.

If you now ask me why I assigned the number B-0100 to this matrix, do not remember, maybe because I started to analyze before the arrival of the computers, but that is something that everyone should design, be your own work.

see in the image count the number of Matrix, the description of the concept to analyze the scan date and that will drive the analysis. We will now begin uploading your elements:

Clicking on the icon "fx" next to the dialog bar will open the window "functions", the function box contains a variety of formulas for various operations; to us by now we are interested in the role "VLOOKUP" select this option will open a new window:

Having the cursor in the box "B11", the first line of the elements of Labor, have accepted that the selection made in the previous film, displays the picture we see in the picture above, where it says "value sought," will place the cursor with the mouse on the box "A11", thus indicating that in that box will find the name the item that will call. Then put the cursor on the line that says "matrix search" and as we are looking for items of Manpower, will open this database:

After opening the database workforce, will place the cursor in the box "A7" and pressing the arrow key to the case, take the cursor to where I finished our database in this example to get it to the box "F30", to release the mouse button, display the word 'LABOR' ! $ a $ 7 $ F $ 30 , and we return to our Primary leaf, that tells us to enter in box "A11" of our matrix, we take the legend that we seek.

Continuing our dialog box, put the cursor on the next line "Display columns." We need to fill the box labeled "Element", which is the box "B" the number 2, so will the number of columns in the display. Finally, in row called "Order" will word "False" (Please do not ask me why is this word, so far not been able to find).

Here we have filled the whole picture, and we see the statement at line number 11 and the bar sheet dialogs, just need to select accept.

recall here that the dollar sign ($) before the column letter or row number, make copy if that box, the letter or number designated by the sign, they will move according to the cursor.

The same procedure can be done to column "Unit" and "Unit Price" or copying the formula of the box "B", pasting it into "C" and changing the number on the bar formula, in the end, before the word "False" says "2" and replace it with the number "3", as the unit we have in column 3, etc., and we will do with the unit price, replacing the number 2, which corresponds to the column of prices.

When we copy the formula and paste it into a line that still does not have the number to find, we will see in the box to paste the symbol "# S / N" well as prevent us from seeing the results of mathematical operations.

Copied and pasted

search formulas, we can only note in Column "A" names for the concepts sought, in the present case, we need an Officer Mason and two Pawns see now that the place names, the share of Manpower, has been completed.

To complement our array, need to repeat the procedure, now with Database "Materials"

supplemented

Once this part, repeat the process in the database called "Machinery" and obtaining data "Mixer of a bag" and "Computer Security", we will complete our Matrix.

This procedure will, "N" number of times, as many as matrices occupying go, if at first we do anything complicated, just follow directions carefully, it's actually its simple procedure and as we move forward in building our pricing system, we will take confidence.

As we make dies, it should be making our catalog, so we go to the next chapter.

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Chapter 4 Chapter 5-CATALOG-

CATALOG UNIT PRICES

is appropriate while doing the matrices will be going up the catalog, to chaining his way through the arrays themselves, because once completed, if you do not have this care, it is very slow to find a Matrix.

The procedure is simple, consider the first step:

SHEET 1

Once this happened, we will name the columns that we will use: Column "A" will be occupied by the "KEY", "B" with "Concept", the "C" for "unity", the "D" for the "direct costs", the "E" Cost "INDIRECT" and "F" for the "unit price".

is appropriate to the last three columns, because when we do a budget, it can be to us direct costs required, so that we would use the data in column "D" (4); if we are asked to UNIT PRICE, then take the data in column "F" (6). Let's see what it will look:

SHEET 2

We have prepared our catalog sheet, we can now start loading the elements that we created. It is important to define what will be the order in which you will put your concepts, you can be in consecutive order according to their numbers or you can group them by activity, ie a space for primary concepts, such as mortars, fillers, etc.., One for Preliminary work, such as strokes, trims. Land clearing, etc. Finally, it will accommodate you as you are more practical, now let's just watch the procedure:

In Column "A", corresponding to the key, put the sign "=" then we'll go to the road we want to link matrices, to place in the key matrix chosen.

LAMINA 3

When demos "Enter", you automatically return to our catalog sheet, but we'll see that the legend B-0100 appears in the box A9

LAMINA 4

The next step will be the long description of the concept tested with the number B-0100: PLATE

5

so that the legend of the concept we fit in the space of column B, you need to make a slight adjustment:

PLATE 6

By accepting, we will see how the line expands to accommodate the entire legend. Now we continue with the column "C", corresponding to the Unit, for being so simple, we chose to drive directly in the case before us is an hourly rate (CH)

PLATE 7

Then we will go page of "UNITS" and place the cursor on the box that has the direct cost. LAMINA

8

The next step is to find the indirect cost, remember that this is the value that will be the implementation of each unit that we use in this matrix. Calculation table is at the bottom of the sheet LABOR, so the catalog will link the box with that of LABOR:

SHEET 9

Table indirect analysis, we present may be different, always according to their own needs, the important thing is to have a final percentage will choose to bind it to our catalog: SHEET

10

carrying this value to our catalog sheet, we just do the operation to Direct Cost multiplying the percentage of the Indirect. LAMINA

11

For all other Matrices they emerge, will follow the same procedure, so that when we finish analyzing our pricing, we have already available the catalog unit price.

We have seen the basics of build our own unit price system, we will now search tools at our disposal to quickly locate items within each page.

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Chapter 6-Search-

SEARCH TOOLS

If we need to revise or edit any of the matrices that we actually get to pick can be somewhat slow, so use the model that gives the pages be linked . Let's say you need to review the matrix of "red brick wall annealed, first locate it in the catalog, place the cursor on the box" A ", where the number of Harpsichord, if you look at the formula bar, see the location of the Matrix

Now copy the location, as in the formula bar and open the browser with "ctrl. + I"

Al

accept the option, we automatically should be on the box we want, we will only raise or lower the screen to make the relevant revisions

We have another search tool, is the call by pressing "ctrl. + B "to use this tool we need to know the exact form in which it was written the phrase that we seek, for example, "Clean field"

Here we choose to look "Inside the Book", "No format specified" key to accept the "Find All" will lead us to catalog, where we have this expression:

These are the ways of searching we have to move into our unit price system, and in using the program may get to know other benefits to edit and give a presentation to our documents. Let

concluded This short guide, which is the realization of a budget, a central reason for our work.

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Chapter 7 "Making a Budget-

unit price analysis has aimed to offer our client a construction budget that shows a fair price for both parties, and is therefore essential to have sufficient tools to carry out this work quickly and safe. As we note at the outset, this pricing is not intended to replace existing programs on the market, we offer many more facilities to do our job.

Once we have clearly defined our concepts, we will copy the catalog and paste it into a new book, which you will the name or reference that can be identified easily.

We have our book saved, proceed to hit the catalog unit price, but because we want to preserve the values \u200b\u200bthat we calculate, we have to stick with no ties.

Now I'll stick to the budget book called XXX in the sheet named Catalog:

As you realize, choose "Paste Special", this allows us to open another window where choose "Settings", then saying "Paste Special", choose "Format"

Note that the logo did not stick, as this document will always be for internal use, is a taste of the user to copy and paste the name or company logo. The sheet

for "budget", let's start the search functions to bring the relevant concepts from the catalog, then go download the catalog of concepts that make up our work to budget.

Once the selection of fields, we copy down to go about doing our load of concepts, en los casos de la Unidad y el P.U., haremos la copia cambiando el número de columna y en el importe pondremos la fórmula para multiplicar los valores de las columnas “E” por “D”

Como se puede ver, hemos incluido nuestros logotipos, pues este documento será entregado a nuestro cliente, para que podamos ver el total del presupuesto, deberemos hacer la carga de conceptos total y borrar los renglones que no se ocupen. Al tenerlo copiado sin vínculos en un libro diferente, nos aseguramos que los precios que anotamos no podrán ser modificados; en el caso de que, por aumentos a los insumos, tuviéramos que revisar el presupuesto, solamente tendremos que actualizar our brochure, copy and paste link into our budget without XXX.

When we finished our budget and if it so we had to send via email, our information should be protected to avoid accidentally deleted or modified can be, for this first closed the "tab" catalog, this we will first open the sheet that we will close, then by the Main Menu on the "Format", move the cursor to select "Sheet", then "Hide" to perform this function, we will not see the tab Catalog. Now we're watching our budget, again in the Main Menu, choose the "Tools" and go to "protect", then "Road", here we put the key we choose to protect and reopen our paper, we choose a key to remember easily, it is important to note that the program is case-sensitive, so we are careful to note how we write the key, this key is we write twice, then do the same operation but choose the "Book" of and thus can not open the page of catalog or you can modify the budget. When you eventually have to make any changes to our budget, first go to the main menu in the "Tools" choose "Book", then "Show" will open a dialog box and select "catalog" may have used various sheets for calculations or notes, if previously closed, will appear in the dialog box by giving "enter" on the sheet indicated, is going to look at, but in order to work on it, repeat the operation " Show ", but this time in the" Blade. " Recall that before removing the protection, the program will prompt you to type the key we use to protect.

With this we end this brief short course, but it contains enough to the objective we set ourselves, as we leave familiar with Microsoft's Excel program, we will find more features and tools that will help us make better and faster budget .

For further clarification, I will be always at your disposal in our e-mail: sergioamayas@gmail.com